Had to install Oracle XE 11g Release 2 on a freshly installed Oracle 7 VM today I used THESE instructions:

Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) Installation On Oracle Linux 7 (OL7)

Oracle Linux 7 is a production release, but the Oracle Database is only supported on it from Oracle Database 11g (11.2.0.4) onward. This installation should not be used for a real system when using database versions prior to 11.2.0.4.

This article describes the installation of Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.4) 64-bit on Oracle Linux 7 (OL7) 64-bit. The article is based on a server installation with a minimum of 2G swap and secure Linux set to permissive. An example of this type of Linux installation can be seen here.

Download Software

Download the Oracle software using one of the two link below. If you have access to My Oracle Support (MOS), then it is better to download the 11.2.0.4 version, since this is the first release of 11.2 that is supported on Oracle Linux 7.

Unpack Files

Unzip the files.

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

You should now have a single directory called "database" containing installation files.

Hosts File

The "/etc/hosts" file must contain a fully qualified name for the server.

<IP-address>  <fully-qualified-machine-name>  <machine-name>

For example.

127.0.0.1       localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
192.168.0.215   ol7.localdomain  ol7

Set the correct hostname in the "/etc/hostname" file.

ol7.localdomain

Oracle Installation Prerequisites

Perform either the Automatic Setup or the Manual Setup to complete the basic prerequisites. The Additional Setup is required for all installations.

Automatic Setup

If you plan to use the "oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall" package to perform all your prerequisite setup, follow the instructions at http://public-yum.oracle.com to setup the yum repository for OL, then perform the following command.

# yum install oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall

All necessary prerequisites will be performed automatically.

It is probably worth doing a full update as well, but this is not strictly speaking necessary.

# yum update

Manual Setup

If you have not used the "oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall" package to perform all prerequisites, you will need to manually perform the following setup tasks.

Add or amend the following lines in the "/etc/sysctl.conf" file.

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
# semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=1048586

Run the following command to change the current kernel parameters.

/sbin/sysctl -p

Add the following lines to the "/etc/security/limits.conf" file.

oracle              soft    nproc   2047
oracle              hard    nproc   16384
oracle              soft    nofile  4096
oracle              hard    nofile  65536
oracle              soft    stack   10240

Add the following line to the "/etc/pam.d/login" file, if it does not already exist.

session    required     pam_limits.so

The following packages are listed as required, including the 32-bit version of some of the packages. Many of the packages should be installed already.

yum install binutils -y
yum install compat-libstdc++-33 -y
yum install compat-libstdc++-33.i686 -y
yum install gcc -y
yum install gcc-c++ -y
yum install glibc -y
yum install glibc.i686 -y
yum install glibc-devel -y
yum install glibc-devel.i686 -y
yum install ksh -y
yum install libgcc -y
yum install libgcc.i686 -y
yum install libstdc++ -y
yum install libstdc++.i686 -y
yum install libstdc++-devel -y
yum install libstdc++-devel.i686 -y
yum install libaio -y
yum install libaio.i686 -y
yum install libaio-devel -y
yum install libaio-devel.i686 -y
yum install libXext -y
yum install libXext.i686 -y
yum install libXtst -y
yum install libXtst.i686 -y
yum install libX11 -y
yum install libX11.i686 -y
yum install libXau -y
yum install libXau.i686 -y
yum install libxcb -y
yum install libxcb.i686 -y
yum install libXi -y
yum install libXi.i686 -y
yum install make -y
yum install sysstat -y
yum install unixODBC -y
yum install unixODBC-devel -y
yum install zlib-devel -y
yum install elfutils-libelf-devel -y

Create the new groups and users.

groupadd -g 54321 oinstall
groupadd -g 54322 dba
groupadd -g 54323 oper
#groupadd -g 54324 backupdba
#groupadd -g 54325 dgdba
#groupadd -g 54326 kmdba
#groupadd -g 54327 asmdba
#groupadd -g 54328 asmoper
#groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin

useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle

We are not going to use the extra groups, but include them if you do plan on using them.

Additional Setup

The following steps must be performed, whether you did the manual or automatic setup.

Set the password for the "oracle" user.

passwd oracle

Set secure Linux to permissive by editing the "/etc/selinux/config" file, making sure the SELINUX flag is set as follows.

SELINUX=permissive

Once the change is complete, restart the server or run the following command.

# setenforce Permissive

If you have the Linux firewall enabled, you will need to disable or configure it, as shown here or here. To disable it, do the following.

# systemctl stop firewalld
# systemctl disable firewalld

Create the directories in which the Oracle software will be installed.

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
chmod -R 775 /u01

Unless you are working from the console, or using SSH tunnelling, login as root and issue the following command.

xhost +<machine-name>

Add the following lines at the end of the "/home/oracle/.bash_profile" file.

# Oracle Settings
TMP=/tmp; export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ol7.localdomain; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_UNQNAME=DB11G; export ORACLE_UNQNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0.4/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=DB11G; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
  if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
    ulimit -p 16384
    ulimit -n 65536
  else
    ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
  fi
fi

Installation

Log into the oracle user. If you are using X emulation then set the DISPLAY environmental variable.

DISPLAY=<machine-name>:0.0; export DISPLAY

Start the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) by issuing the following command in the database directory.

./runInstaller

Proceed with the installation of your choice. You can see type of installation I performed by clicking on the links below to see screen shots of each stage. The "pdksh" package will be listed as missing, which can be ignored because we installed the "ksh" package instead.

During the link phase you will encounter an error invoking the "ins_emagent.mk" file. To fix this, edit the "$ORACLE_HOME/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk", doing a search and replace for the line shown below.

FROM:
$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL)
TO  :
$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL) -lnnz11

Click the "Retry" button.

Post Installation

Edit the "/etc/oratab" file setting the restart flag for each instance to 'Y'.

DB11G:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1:Y

For more information see:

Had to install Oracle 11g on a new Ubuntu VM today. Used the instructions below from THIS site:

Installing Oracle 11g R2 Express Edition

For the installation of Oracle 11g R2 Express Edition (XE), a couple of additional Linux packages are required. These packages can be installed by executing the following statement.

$ sudo apt-get install alien libaio1 unixodbc

The next step is to download the Oracle 11g R2 Express Edition from the Oracle website. Make sure you select the Linux x64 version from http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/products/express-edition/downloads/index.html. After the download is completed, open the terminal and navigate to the download directory. In my case this can be done by executing the following statement.

The next step step is to unzip the downloaded file. To do this, execute the following command.

$ unzip oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm.zip

A new directory (Disk1) is added to the Download directory. Navigate to this directory:

$ cd Disk1

Now we have to convert the Red Hat package (rpm) to a Debian package. This may be done using the alien command. The -d parameter is used to inform alien that a Debian package should be generated. When the -scripts parameter is toggled, alien will try to convert the scripts that are meant to be run when the package is installed and removed.

$ sudo alien –scripts -d oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm

This step may take a while, while this statement is executing we can do the following steps. Open a new terminal window for these steps.

The Red Hat package, relies on the /sbin/chkconfig file, which is not used in Ubuntu. To successfully install Oracle XE we use a simple trick. Start by creating a custom /sbin/chkconfig file by executing the following statement.

$ sudo gedit /sbin/chkconfig

Copy and paste the following into the editor:

#!/bin/bash
# Oracle 11gR2 XE installer chkconfig hack for Ubuntu
file=/etc/init.d/oracle-xe
if [[ ! `tail -n1 $file | grep INIT` ]]; then
echo >> $file
echo ‘### BEGIN INIT INFO’ >> $file
echo ‘# Provides: OracleXE’ >> $file
echo ‘# Required-Start: $remote_fs $syslog’ >> $file
echo ‘# Required-Stop: $remote_fs $syslog’ >> $file
echo ‘# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5′ >> $file
echo ‘# Default-Stop: 0 1 6′ >> $file
echo ‘# Short-Description: Oracle 11g Express Edition’ >> $file
echo ‘### END INIT INFO’ >> $file
fi
update-rc.d oracle-xe defaults 80 01
#EOF

Save the file and close the editor. Now we have to provide the file with the appropriate execution privileges.

$ sudo chmod 755 /sbin/chkconfig

After this, we have to create the file /etc/sysctl.d/60-oracle.conf to set the additional kernel parameters. Open the file by executing the following statement.

$ sudo gedit /etc/sysctl.d/60-oracle.conf

Copy and paste the following into the file. Kernel.shmmax is the maximum possible value of physical RAM in bytes. 536870912 / 1024 /1024 = 512 MB

# Oracle 11g XE kernel parameters
fs.file-max=6815744
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=9000 65000
kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmax=536870912

Save the file. The changes in this file may be verified by executing:

$ sudo cat /etc/sysctl.d/60-oracle.conf

Load the kernel parameters:

$ sudo service procps start

The changes may be verified again by executing:

$ sudo sysctl -q fs.file-max

This method should return the following:

fs.file-max = 6815744

After this, execute the following statements to make some more required changes:

$ sudo ln -s /usr/bin/awk /bin/awk
$ mkdir /var/lock/subsys
$ touch /var/lock/subsys/listener

Close the second terminal window and return to the first terminal window. The rpm package should be converted and a new file called oracle-xe-11.2.0-2_amd64.deb have been generated. To run this file, execute the following command:

$ sudo dpkg –install oracle-xe_11.2.0-2_amd64.deb

Execute the following to avoid getting a ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET error. Note: replace “size=4096m” with the size of your (virtual) machine’s RAM in MBs.

$ sudo rm -rf /dev/shm
$ sudo mkdir /dev/shm
$ sudo mount -t tmpfs shmfs -o size=4096m /dev/shm

Create the file /etc/rc2.d/S01shm_load.

$ sudo gedit /etc/rc2.d/S01shm_load

Copy and paste the following in the file. Note: replace “size=4096m” with the size of your machine’s RAM in MBs.

#!/bin/sh
case "$1" in
start) mkdir /var/lock/subsys 2>/dev/null
touch /var/lock/subsys/listener
rm /dev/shm 2>/dev/null
mkdir /dev/shm 2>/dev/null
mount -t tmpfs shmfs -o size=4096m /dev/shm ;;
*) echo error
exit 1 ;;
esac

Save the file, close the editor and provide the appropriate execution privileges.

$ sudo chmod 755 /etc/rc2.d/S01shm_load

Configuring Oracle 11g R2 Express Edition

If you have successfully installed to Oracle 11g R2 Express Edition server, it’s time to configure the server. To start the configuration of the server, execute the following command and follow the “wizard” in the terminal. Default values are shown between brackets for each question.

$ sudo /etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure

Now it is time to set-up some environmental variables. Open the /etc/bash.bashrc file by executing the following statement:

$ sudo gedit /etc/bash.bashrc

Scroll to the bottom of the file and add the following lines.

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe
export ORACLE_SID=XE
export NLS_LANG=`$ORACLE_HOME/bin/nls_lang.sh`
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

Save the file and close the editor. To load the changes, execute the following statement:

$ source /etc/bash.bashrc

To validate the changes you can execute the following statement.

$ echo $ORACLE_HOME

This statement should result in the following output.

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe

After this step it is recommended to reboot the machine. After the reboot is completed, you should be able to start the Oracle server using the following command:

$ sudo service oracle-xe start

Configure your instalation such as a password, port, etc.

After that open your oracle through browser http://YOUR-IP-ADDRESS:PORT/apex/

That’s all! Thank you for reading my note. If you found any trouble please don’t hesitate to contact me or leave me a comment!

Network Admin How-To

Wednesday, 16 September 2015